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Causes of arthritis – Part 3

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The general term “arthritis” refers to a group of diseases that, in one way or another, attack the joints of the body. These attacks cause the joints to swell up and break down, resulting in pain, swelling, stiffness, fatigue, and loss of movement. There are over 100 diseases that fall into this group, but here are some of the more common ones:

Osteoarthritis this is the most common form of arthritis. It is caused by wear and tear on a joint, due to either normal aging or by excessive strain from sports or heavy work. This condition is often seen in farmers, football players, people who have worked in manual labor jobs, and people of advancing age. Excess weight can increase the severity of this condition. Often only one joint is involved, although people who are elderly may have problems in several joints.

Rheumatoid arthritis this disease causes a person’s immune system to attack the joints, causing pain and swelling. Unlike osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis affects multiple joints in the body and is known as a “systemic autoimmune” disease, as it attacks a person’s system. The symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis are more noticeable in the smaller joints of the body, such as the finger, wrist, and ankle joints. This disease can onset at any age. When it occurs in a person under the age of 18, it is labeled “juvenile rheumatoid arthritis”. Severe deformities in the joints can occur as this disease advances with disability resulting.

Gout this form of arthritis causes uric acid to build up in the affected joint, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. The big toe is the joint most often affected, but other joints may also be affected by gout. Men are affected by gout more than women and onset is most often between the ages of 50 and 60.

Lupus Systemic lupus erythematosus, or “lupus”, is another systemic autoimmune disorder, in which the immune system attacks all the parts of the body. Arthritis symptoms such as joint pain and swelling are only one component of this disorder. Although lupus is a severe disease and is historically considered fatal, recent advances in medication and treatment have increased the survival rate of people who have this disease. Lupus occurs at any age, but onset is seen most often in women.

Psoriatic arthritis this form of arthritis occurs in people who have the skin condition psoriasis. Its symptoms are similar to rheumatoid arthritis, described above.

For more information about these and other forms of arthritis, please visit The Arthritis Foundation website at http://www.arthritis.org.

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How to manage rheumatoid arthritis

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Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints.

Rheumatoid arthritis can also cause inflammation of the tissue around the joints such as the tendons, ligaments, and muscles, as well as other organs in the body.Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic illness, meaning it can last for years, patients may experience long periods without symptoms. Typically, however, rheumatoid arthritis is a progressive illness that has the potential to cause joint destruction and functional disability.

The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is a very active area of worldwide research. The cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown. Some scientists believe that the tendency to develop rheumatoid arthritis may be genetically inherited.It is suspected that certain infections or factors in the environment might trigger the immune system to attack the body’s own tissues.

Environmental factors also seem to play some role in causing rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, scientists have reported that smoking tobacco increases the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis.

The goal of treatment in rheumatoid arthritis is

1.to reduce joint inflammation and pain,

2.to maximize joint function, and

3.to prevent joint destruction and deformity.

There is no known cure for rheumatoid arthritis.

Optimal treatment for the disease involves a combination of medications, rest, joint strengthening exercises, joint protection, and patient (and family) education. Treatment is most successful when there is close cooperation between the doctor, patient, and family members. Treatment is customized according to many factors such as disease activity, types of joints involved, general health, age, and patient occupation.

Two classes of medications are used in treating rheumatoid arthritis:

1.fast-acting “first-line drugs” which includes NSAIDs (non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), COX-2 Inhibitors, Pain Medication (analgesics), Corticosteroids.

Acetylsalicylate (Aspirin), naproxen (Naprosyn), ibuprofen (Advil, Medipren, Motrin), and etodolac (Lodine) are examples of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs are medications that can reduce tissue inflammation, pain and swelling. NSAIDs are not cortisone. Aspirin, in doses higher than that used in treating headaches and fever, is an effective antiinflammatory medication for rheumatoid arthritis. Aspirin has been used for joint problems since the ancient Egyptian era.NSAIDs are usually taken

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Arthritis treatment guide – Part 5

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Arthritis is the inflammation found in one or more of the joints causing pain and swelling. Movements can also become limited due to the tightening and the swelling of certain muscles,joints,and tendons. Pain can vary due to the patients tolerance and it can be based on the type of arthritis you may be diagnosed with and how far along your symptoms have managed to progress. Until an appointment with a physician can be made it suggested that you take ibuprofen, Tylenol, or even motrin, at the recommended doses. Even after being diagnosed you will probably be asked to continue with those over the counter medicines. They have been founded to be safer then other prescribed medicines also known as cox-2 inhibitors. The cox-2 inhibitor was founded to be accompanied with heart attacks and strokes. An investigation was performed by the FDA after many complaints and in compliance many drug stores and pharmacist was asked to band certain medications. Some you may be familiar with such as bextra, celebrex, and vioxx.

The most common forms of arthritis that is diagnosed every day is psoriatic arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Psoriatic arthritis is often associated with psoriasis of the skin. nail abnormalities, skin lesions, joint swelling, and joint pain, are all classic signs that this arthritis may be present. The arthritis treatment for this is a non steroidal anti- inflammatory drug aka nsaids. Another prescribed may be salicylates which will reduce the pain and inflammation of the joints. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(jra) is arthritis founded in children. It is a long term chronic disease resulting in again joint pain and inflammation which may lead to joint damage. The arthritis treatment for this condition is nsaids, prescribed corticisteroids, antimalaria, biological drugs etanercept and infliximab which block high levels of inflammatory proteins. Regular rheumatoid arthritis founded in patients that are not children and is a progressive autoimmune disease that causes chronic joint inflammation and soft tissue swelling. the treatment for this is pain killers such as vicodin, and codeine, and prescribed daypro, arava,solgana, and azulfidine. Last but not least osteoarthritis is a joint disorder that is a chronic disease causing cushioning cartilage between the bone joints to wear away, leading to pain and inflammation. Tylenol, glucosamine, and heat and cold treatments have been founded to relieve some of this pain and inflammation.

like it was previously stated, due to the seriousness and how long the condition has been exposed will determine the right prescription . In some instances more complicated and necessary surgery’s may have to be performed. remember a good diet and daily exercise will keep you more in control of your pain management and give your body the capabilities of extended movements.

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Guide to effective arthritis treatment – Part 5

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There are over 100 different kinds of arthritis. Symptoms of arthritis can develop suddenly, or slowly over a long period of time. Common signs and symptoms of arthritis include:

Persistent joint pain

Pain or tenderness which is aggravated by movement or activity

Inflammation, indicated by joint stiffness, swelling, redness, and/or warmth

Joint deformity

Loss of range or motion

Unexplained weight loss

Extreme fatigue, lack of energy or weakness

Non-specific fever

Crepitus (the grating, cracking or crunching noise sometimes heard on joint movement)

If you have any of the above symptoms your doctor will likely order specific laboratory tests and x-rays in order to make a definitive diagnosis.

There are many types of arthritis treatments available. Common natural treatments for arthritis and arthritis pain include rest, heat and physical therapy. These, along with a healthy diet and exercise can help the arthritis sufferer:

to retain mobility and strength

to maintain or lose weight

to improve sleep

to maintain a positive attitude, an essential part of the overall treatment

If you have not been an active person, consult your doctor before beginning an exercise program. Begin with some basic moves and introduce new exercises gradually; this way you will learn which movements cause pain, and which give relief. Here are some basic tips:

During flare-ups of your arthritis, don’t work your joints; go through gentle range-of-motion exercises once or twice daily.

Start any exercise slowly. Relax your muscles with gentle massage or a warm shower before you work-out and then spend 5 to 10 minutes stretching gently.

Keep to a routine.

If you experience pain, stop.

Move steadily and slowly; never jerk or bounce.

Wear comfortable clothing and good shoes.

Reduce the pace of your work-out for the last 5 or 10 minutes, and then do some more gentle stretches.

If necessary, there are a range of drug therapies available to help with the pain and inflammation of arthritis. Anti-inflammatory drugs and aspirin or paracetamol can help during flare-ups of most types of arthritis, including osteoarthritis, one of the most common forms of this disease.

Rheumatoid arthritis, another common form of the disease, can be one of the most disabling types of arthritis, and its course varies, from a few symptoms to severe and painful deformities. A natural treatment for rheumatoid arthritis can include omega-3 fatty

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Rheumatoid arthritis: Symptoms and treatment

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Description of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a form of arthritis that, unlike the more common osteoarthritis, occurs in joints on both sides of the body-for example, if rheumatoid arthritis occurs in the left thumb, it will generally affect the right thumb as well. The term arthritis is used to describe inflammation in joints of the body. When a joint is inflamed, there may be redness, pain, swelling, or warmth in or around the joint. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect any and all joints in the body, and has also been known to affect nerves, blood, skin, and even organs such as the heart and lungs.

Rheumatoid arthritis has varying affects on people. The most common symptoms are stiffness, especially after periods of inactivity (ie sleeping or sitting down for extended periods of time,) low grade fever, and pain or swelling in the joints. Symptoms have been known to develop and worsen slowly over a long period of time, to develop very quickly, or to go into remission (periods of time in which no symptoms are present.) Rheumatoid arthritis is most common in middle-aged (40-60 years of age) women, though it does occasionally occur in men, children, and the elderly. At present, rheumatoid arthritis appears in approximately 1% of the population in the United States.

Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis

There are a variety of theories as to the cause(s) of rheumatoid arthritis, including environmental, genetic, hormonal, bacterial, and viral factors, but at this time no specific cause has been pinpointed. It is generally thought of as an autoimmune disorder (a disorder in which otherwise healthy tissue is attacked by the immune system) which causes the immune system to attack joints and occasionally other tissues-but what exactly triggers this response is unknown.

Symptoms and Affects of Rheumatoid Arthritis

People who have rheumatoid arthritis experience “flares” during which their symptoms become more acute than normal, so even though they may experience symptoms such as stiffness, swelling, or joint pain on a day to day basis, during a flare these symptoms intensify, sometimes quite dramatically. This can make simple tasks such as turning doorknobs, opening jars, or picking up small objects difficult or painful.

The joints are lined with a tissue called synovium, and lubricated with synovial fluid. During a flare, the immune system sends lymphocytes (immune cells) into the synovium, where they cause inflammation. This type of chronic

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Basic facts about arthritis – Part 7

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“My knees have been bothering me lately. I wonder if it’s arthritis.” Thoughts like this have occurred to forty-six million Americans and inject themselves into countless volleyball games, quilting bees, spring clean-up weeks and just general living. “Why me?” we ask ourselves like Jack Benny, who once said “I don’t deserve this award, but I have arthritis and I don’t deserve that either.”

Before we combat the beast we have to know more about it. What is arthritis?

1. Arthr- means joint, and -itis means inflammation. More than 100 types of arthritis have been identified, the two most common being osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

2. Osteoarthritis is a degenerating joint disease that creeps up gradually without inflammation at first and slowly causes deformities in a joint. It can result from joint trauma, being overweight or simply wear-and-tear on the joint.

3. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes your body’s own immune system to attack the synovium (cell lining) inside a joint, a sort of “mutiny on the body.” It can cause joint deformity, inflammation of joints and blood vessels, and osteoporosis. RA tends to run in families, and environmental factors such as smoking can increase risk of the disease. Seventy-five percent of rheumatoid arthritis sufferers are female.

4. Symptoms of arthritis include joint pain, especially if it’s worse upon movement, stiff or deformed joints, loss of flexibility, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, a fever without a good reason, crackling sounds (called crepitus) under your skin, around the lungs or in joints.

5. No cure is presently available. The best result is when the individual gets early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. Rheumatologists are physicians who specialize in detecting and treating those over 100 types of arthritis. They can direct treatments to decrease symptoms of pain and inflammation, minimize joint damage, and maintain joint function, and preserve range-of-motion.

6. New promising treatments for rheumatoid arthritis include TNF blockers and biologic therapies. According to a New York Post webcast of March 23, 2007, when the tumor necrosis factor is blocked, symptoms of arthritis are reduced, especially inflammation. Proteins, which must be injected or given intravenously, can be sent to certain stages of the disease process to stop it. While results are promising, the downside of these medications is an increased risk of infection.

7. May is Arthritis Awareness Month. The Arthritis Foundation has an annual walk to promote physical activity among Americans. Walking is an easy way to curb obesity, a leading risk factor for osteoarthritis. The Foundation says, “A weight loss of 15 pounds can decrease the pain due to osteoarthritis by 50 percent.”

America, walk on!

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The different types of arthritis – Part 6

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Arthritis is the inflammation of the joints. There are more than 100 different types of disorders. They primarily affect the skeletal muscles, bones, ligaments, tendons, and joints in both males and females of all ages. Some disorders are more likely to occur at a particular time of life or to affect one gender more than the other. These disorders not only limit mobility and affect the activities of daily living but also result in subtle systemic effects that lead to organ failure and death.

The different types of arthritis are grouped under different classifications:

1. Diffuse connective tissue diseases

a. Rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to attack the joints, skin and vital organs of the body.

b. Juvenile arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis in children is called Juvenile arthritis. There are more than 300,000 children diagnosed with juvenile arthritis in the United States.

c. Scleroderma: Scleroderma is a localized, systemic sclerosis affecting the connective tissue of the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs.

d. Lupus erythematosus: Lupus erythematosus is also a chronic autoimmune disease. Discoid, systemic and drug related are their types.

e. Polymyositis: Polymyositis is a rare connective tissue disease that affects the muscles closest to the body, that is the shoulders and the hips.

f. Sjogren’s syndrome: Sjogren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease affecting certain glands in our body. Eg: lacrymal gland, salivary gland.

g. Overlap syndromes: Overlap syndrome is a combination of two or more autoimmune diseases described above.

Polymyalgia, rheumatica and erythema nodosum are a few other minor autoimmune connective tissue diseases.

2. Arthritis associated with spondylitis (Spondyloarthropathies)

a. Alkylosing spondylitis: Alkylosing spondylitis is also called as rheumatoid spondylitis. It is the inflammation of the joints in the spine.

b. Reiter’s syndrome: Reiter’s syndrome is one form of reactive arthritis, which involves the inflammation within and around the joints, and particularly where ligaments and tendons attach to bones.

c. Psoriatic arthritis: Psoriatic arthritis is associated with psoriasis, the skin and the joints are inflammed.

d. Arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel disease.

3. Osteoarthritis: Osteoarthritis is also known as osteoarthrosis, or degenerative joint disease. They are of two types, they are primary and secondary.

4.

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Arthritis treatment & pain relief – Part 3

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Examining bone woes with Arthritis – The Bane and the Cure.

Roman Emperor Diocletian exempted citizens with severe arthritis from paying taxes, probably realizing that the disease itself was taxing enough! Oh, those good ol’ days! You and I might not be so lucky with our taxes. So here we are now in the 21st century. What can we do to cripple arthritis before it cripples us? But first let’s retract a bit and see where arthritis begins. It all begins with stiff joints and aches while doing any kind of physical work. We recognize it as the dawn of our old age, but this just might not strike us in our 60′s but can strike us even in our 20′s also. Arthritis, like most ailments is egalitarian. The disease may be just physical but be warned that it exacts a mental, emotional and economic toll too. The cause of pain is, joint inflammation. The inflammation causes redness, swelling and pain. In severe cases the inflammation is uncontrolled as the body’s immune system attacks its own tissues. Their are more than 100 different kinds of arthritis. Of these, Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid arthritis are the most common. The chances of this ailment gradually increase with age. The age group of 45+ is most vulnerable.

That’s for the introduction. The bad news – their is no permanent cure for arthritis. The little bit of good news – it can be controlled through physical and occupational therapy and lifestyle changes. So here are some solutions going around.

1. Doctor’s prescribe several drugs and ointments. Usually, pain relievers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are given. They bring temporary relief from the pain.

2. Exercise is a must for arthritis patients to retain mobility in joints and bones.

3. In severe disabilities, joint replacement or arthroplasty gives excellent results.

4. Diet monitoring is critical. Red meat or marine fish are a big no-no for arthritis patients. Also, strike off beans, nuts, spinach, tomatoes and pulses.

5. Phototherapy or PUVA (Psoralen with Ultraviolet-A therapy) is recommended for conditions of severe psoriasis arthritis. Psoriasis is chronic disease characterized by inflammation of the skin and sometimes it occurs along with inflammation of the joints (arthritis)

The specific medical treatment depends on the type of arthritis seen. But whatever the medical fallback, all of us can start with minor lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. Isn’t it the antidote for all that affects us?

Write your article here

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How to improve rheumatoid arthritis symptoms

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Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease where white blood cells suddenly attack healthy tissues, specifically joints and cartilage. There are a few ways to help ease the symptoms, depending on which stage of the disease you are in. If you are in the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis there is a new disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) which has done an excellent job in controlling symptoms. It works best in the initial stages, so if you suspect you may have rheumatoid arthritis, see your doctor as soon as possible.

There are other options if you are in later stages of rheumatoid arthritis. These are also helpful if you are still in early stages. One is to use anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen. This does a great job reducing pain and inflammation. However, these have side effects including heart problems and gastrointestinal bleeding. You can also use acetaminophen for your rheumatoid arthritis, which does not have these side effects.

When symptoms are mild, moderate exercising including stretching, weight lifting, and aerobics ease rheumatoid arthritis symptoms. Be sure to rest when your joints flare up as this would just add strain to your aching joints. Stretching is important because it increases flexibility and is easy enough to do at any age. When stretching, stop when you feel mild discomfort and hold for 10 to 30 seconds. Then repeat 3 to 5 times. Weight lifting also improves flexibility as well as strength and balance. Barbells are easy, convenient, and inexpensive. Remember to stretch before lifting any weights. Start with 3 sets of 8 to 10 repetitions. If you would like you can start with no weights at all (such as going leg lifts for rheumatoid arthritis in the knees), then add weights when you can. Lift the weights slowly and evenly to not damage the cartilage.

Some other popular forms of exercise for rheumatoid arthritis are aqua therapy and Tai Chi. Be sure to find an actual therapist as they have specific exercises they do for arthritis patients. Aerobics instructors may push to far and do further damage. Tai Chi has no long term studies proving its effectiveness, but due to testimonials from patients who have taken Tai Chi, the Arthritis Foundation began offering the class. Remember to always check with your doctor before starting an exercise program.

Some other ways to relieve rheumatoid arthritis pain are to lose weight to take additional pressure off joints, eating a healthy diet, getting enough sleep, using heat or ice, and possibly using devices such as a cane, brace, or splint. There are many resources for additional information on rheumatoid arthritis including websites, flyers, periodicals, books, etc. Your doctor should be able to provide you with some reference on where to look for additional help.

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Guide to effective arthritis treatment – Part 6

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Data from a survey conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics estimates that 67 million adults aged 18 years and older will have doctor-diagnosed arthritis by the year 2030. This will result in increases in lost productivity on the job, larger expenditures for pharmaceuticals, and increased pressure on our medical services

By the age of 45, most of us have some familiarity with the word arthritis’ and know it by its symptoms-pain on movement, swelling, inflammation, decreased mobility. These may result from sports injuries, accidents, systemic disease such as rheumatoid arthritis, or normal wear and tear. Rheumatioid arthritis manifests even more symptoms, such as nodules, weakness, and fatigue. Diagnosis of arthritis usually includes x-ray of the affected joint or MRI of soft tissue within and surrounding the area.

Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis treatments may come in the form of over-the-counter pain relievers such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, or prescription Cox-2 inhibitors. Natural arthritis treatments may include massage, heat packs, acupuncture, and glucosamine plus chondroitin compounds. All of these can provide relief from symptoms.

Further arthritis treatments may be needed in some cases, including injections of artificial synovial fluid (such as Synovisc), partial replacement of damaged joint sections, or total joint replacement. Replacement surgeries have progressed to such a high degree of success that they are now routine in the United States and around the world.

If possible, we should strive to prevent arthritis before it starts. A healthy lifestyle is the best protection against arthritis, and can significantly reduce the discomfort and disability associated with it. The National Arthritis Foundation recommends the following to help protect your joints:

Maintain your ideal body weight. More weight means more stress on delicate joints.

Move your body. Exercise not only protects joints by strengthening surrounding muscles, it also maintains flexibility to joints already affected.

Stand up straight. Being aware of the alignment of your body helps keep stress off joints.

Use the big joints. Favor larger, stronger joints over those that are less able to handle weight and stress.

Pace yourself. Extended periods of stress on joints can cause damage. Remember to take breaks from heavy activity.

Listen to your body. If you feel pain after an activity, this is a strong signal to limit that activity as much as possible.

Don’t be static. Maintaining one position puts stress on joints.

Forget the weekend warrior. If you’re not conditioned for weekend activities, you are more likely to become injured while engaged in them. Start slow and build strength.

Wear proper safety equipment. Don’t be a tough guy. Use the helmets, wrist pads, and knee pads.

Ask for help. It is said many hands make light work.’ For heavy tasks, get others to share the task.

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